Characteristics Of Instruments Of Evaluation
Evaluation Is A Series Of Activities That Are Designed To Measure The Effectiveness Of The Teaching-Learning As the Whole Process. It Is The Assessment Of Systematic Planned And Quality Learning. It Helps The Teacher To Make Better Judgments In Various Aspects.
So, It Is an Important And Continuous Component. For This Purpose, We Need a Variety Of Evaluating Tools.
Instruments Of Evaluation
It Is Important That Instruments Of Measurement Used For Research Purposes Should Be Properly Standardized. Individual Score Can Be Compared With The Scores Of Others In A Defined Group.
The Evaluation Tools Serve A Variety Of Uses. Selecting A Proper Tool Is The Base For Accurate Result Of Evaluation.
Meaning Of Evaluation Tool?
An Evaluation Tool May Be Defined As A Sophisticated Means Of Intelligently And Scientifically Designed To Evaluate What Is Required.
Regardless Of The Type Of Tool Used Or How The Results Of Evaluation Are To Be Used, All Types Of Evaluation Should Possess Certain Characteristics.
Characteristics Of Instruments Of Evaluation
The Most Important Characteristics Of A Good Evaluation Tool Are
- Validity
- Reliability
- Objectivity
- Usability
Validity
Validity Is The Quality Of the Data Gathering Instrument Which Enables To Measure What It Is Supposed To Measure.
Validity Refers To The Degree To Which The Test Actually Measures What It Claims To Measure
Different Methods Of Validity Are:
- Content Validity
- Construct Validity
- Criterion-Related Validity
- Concurrent Validity
- Predictive Validity
- Face Validity
Reliability
Reliability Refers To The Consistency Of Measurement, That Is, How Consistent Are Evaluation Results From One Measurement To Another.
Reliability Is Concerned With The Extent To Which An Evaluation Test Is Consistent In Measuring What It Is Intended To Measure.
If The Measurements Are Not Consistent Over Different Occasions Or Over Different Samples Of The Same Performance Domain, The Evaluator Can Have Little Confidence In The Results.
Different Methods Of Reliability Are:
- Test-Retest Method
- Equivalent-Forms Method
- Split-Half Method
- Kuder-Richardson Method
Objectivity
Objectivity Is A Central Philosophical Concept, Related To Reality And Truth, Which Has Been Variously Defined By Sources.
Generally, Objectivity Means The State Or Quality Of Being True Even Outside Of A Subject's Individual Biases, Interpretations, Feelings, And Imaginings.
Usability
While Selecting Evaluation Tool Or Instrument, Practical Considerations Need To Be Kept In Mind.
Generally, The Tests Are Administered By Teachers who Having Very Limited Training. The Time Available For Testing Is Also Limited.
The Cost Of Testing Is Also Taken Into Consideration.
All These Factors Must Be Taken Into Account When Selecting Evaluation Tools.
- Ease Of Administration
- Appropriate Time For Administration
- Ease Of Interpretation Of Results
- Cost Of Administering Tests
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